4:44 م
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توالى الكشف عن فضائح التجسس الأمريكية على العديد
من زعماء العالم وشبكة الإنترنت والاتصالات الهاتفية عبر توظيف واستغلال
شركات الإنترنت، لتمثل ضربة قوية لعلاقة الولايات المتحدة بحلفائها
وأعدائها، على حد سواء، وتفيد بأن الإمبراطورية الأمريكية قائمة على مراقبة
العالم، باستخدام برامج تقنية عالية، لفك شفرات الاتصالات، واختراق البريد
الإلكتروني، وتحليل المكالمات، لتمتد إلى التجسس الاقتصادي، في محاولة
للهيمنة على الاقتصاد العالمي، وتعيد الأزمة الجدل القائم بين معضلة تحقيق
الأمن ومحاربة «الإرهاب» وانتهاك الحياة الخاصة للمواطنين، ولكنها تضيف
أزمة جديدة إلى سجل الرئيس الأمريكى، باراك أوباما، وتفضح زيف الديمقراطية
الأمريكية.
بعد 12عاماً من تبنى الكونجرس الأمريكى قانون «باتريوت آكت» لتوسيع عمل الاستخبارات فى مجال «مكافحة الإرهاب» و«حماية الأمن القومى»، فى تحرك أعقب هجمات 11 سبتمبر 2001، أثارت فضيحة التجسس الأمريكى على مليارات المكالمات الهاتفية ورسائل البريد الإلكترونى لمواطنين وقادة دول حول العالم، التى كشفها المستشار السابق فى وكالة الأمن القومى إدوارد سنودن، احتجاجات عارمة فى الداخل الأمريكى تحت شعار «أوقفوا الأخ الأكبر»، للمطالبة بإصلاح برامج المراقبة، ووقف «انتهاك الحياة الخاصة للمواطنين»، فى الوقت الذى تسعى فيه واشنطن لاحتواء التوترات مع حلفائها الدوليين.....
تشير العديد من الوثائق الأمريكية إلى أن إسرائيل تعد الشريك الخفى الضالع فى فضيحة التجسس الأمريكية على دول العالم وقادتها، بسبب ما يمكن تسميته تكنولوجيا التجسس على أجهزة التجسس. ورغم التحالف الوطيد بينهما، إلا أن إسرائيل تم ضبطها أكثر من مرة وهى تتجسس على الولايات المتحدة. ولعل أبرز عملاء إسرائيل الذين تم ضبطهم فى الولايات المتحدة هو الأمريكى جوناثان بولارد (59 عاما)، الذى كان يعمل بالاستخبارات البحرية الأمريكية ويقبع فى السجن منذ 1986 حتى اليوم، بعد أن نقل معلومات استخباراتية أمريكية سرية للغاية إلى الموساد الإسرائيلى، وصدر عليه حكما بالسجن مدى الحياة.....
«لن تجدى الأقمار الصناعية معها نفعاً، ولا تستطيع كاميرات التجسس ملاحقتها، وأعتى أجهزة التنصت لن تقدر على كشفها».. هذه ليست أحدث أجهزة اتصالات كتلك التى تنتشر كل يوم فى عالمنا، لكنها مجرد طيور وأدوات بسيطة عادت إلى استخدامها دول كبرى فى التجسس بعد أن باتت أحدث وسائل التجسس سهلة الاصطياد. فالهيئة المسؤولة عن حماية اتصالات «الكرملين» وحماية الرئيس الروسى فلاديمير بوتين قررت استخدام الآلة الكاتبة إثر موجات التسريبات الأخيرة، خاصة تسريبات ويكيليكس والمستندات التى سربها «إدوارد سنودن» المتعاقد السابق مع وكالة الأمن القومى الأمريكية.....
لم تعد وسائل التواصل الاجتماعى مجرد وسيلة ترفيهية للتعارف بين البشر وتوطيد العلاقات الإنسانية والتبادل الثقافى، فما فجَّرته فضيحة التجسس الأمريكى على العالم من مخاوف تتعلق بانتهاك الخصوصية والأسرار العليا للدول، وضع أدوات التواصل الاجتماعى من «تويتر» و«فيس بوك» تحديداً تحت الميكروسكوب والمراقبة الدقيقة، لما تردد بقوة عن وثائق تثبت تورط الإدارة الأمريكية فى توظيف هذه الوسائل الإلكترونية المستحدثة فى التنصت على الأسرار بدءاً من الأفراد العاديين وانتهاء بالرؤساء والزعماء وكبار المسؤولين بل تجسست الاستخبارات الأمريكية على تلك الوسائل لتضمن تحقيق أهدافها.....
لم يخطر على بال الغالبية من المواطنين فى مختلف أنحاء العالم أنه سيكون مُراقَبًا عندما يجرى مكالمة هاتفية أو ترسل رسالة بالفاكس أو عبر الإنترنت، عبر أجهزة على بُعد آلاف الكيلومترات تلتقط وتسجل تلك المكالمات أو المراسلات، ولكن ذلك أصبح حقيقة واقعة بعد الوثائق التى سربها المستشار السابق بوكالة الأمن القومى الأمريكية إدوارد سنودن. فوكالة الأمن القومى الأمريكى قررت أن تقوم بدور «الأذن الكبيرة» التى تتنصت على العالم أجمع، ويقدر خبراء النشاط التجسسى للوكالة بـ100 مليون وثيقة سنويا و40 طناً من الوثائق يتم التخلص منها.....
أمام حشد كبير من الألمان فى حديقة «تيرجارتن» وسط برلين، دعا الرئيس الأمريكى باراك أوباما عام 2008 حينما كان نائباً فى الكونجرس وقتها الأوروبيين إلى ضرورة تحقيق شراكة حقيقية بين أمريكا وأوروبا، قائلاً «الأهم من أى شىء، يجب علينا أن نثق فى بعضنا البعض»، وجاء رد الفعل الأوروبى أقرب إلى النشوة من خطاب أوباما المؤثر، لتأتى فضيحة «التجسس الأمريكى» على أوروبا، وتسريبات محلل الاستخباراتى الأمريكى السابق «إدوارد سنودن» لتقلب الأمور رأساً على عقب وتضع الولايات المتحدة فى موقف محرج ربما يشكل لحظة فارقة فى علاقتها بحلفائها الأوروبيين. وأسقطت فضائح التجسس الأمريكية العابرة للقارات ورقة التوت عن حقيقة أن الولايات المتحدة تتجسس على العالم، ومازالت الأزمة تتفاقم يوماً بعد يوم، مما أثار زوبعة من الانتقادات للبيت الأبيض فى أكبر فضيحة هزّت الإدارة الأمريكية منذ عقود، مما أفقد أمريكا ثقة أوروبا التى سارعت إلى مناقشة الخطوات اللازمة لمواجهة الفضيحة، من بينها اللجوء إلى الأمم المتحدة للتوصل إلى ضمانات فيما يتعلق بالرقابة على الاتصالات.....
أثار قيام الولايات المتحدة بالتجسس على المعلومات عبر شركة الإنترنت وعلى الاتصالات الهاتفية عبر العالم موجة من الرفض الدولى، غير أن هذا الأمر ليس حديثا ويقوم على شبكة كبيرة معقدة وكبيرة من البرامج والتقنيات الحديثة التى أعدتها واشنطن خصيصا لهذا الغرض. وتستفيد الولايات المتحدة من حقيقة أن معظم الاتصالات الدولية يجب أن تمر عبرها، وذلك لسببين: الأول هو أن واشنطن تسيطر على نسبة كبيرة جدا من أشكال الإعلام والاقتصاد العالميين، والآخر هو أن أرخص طريق لإجراء الاتصالات الدولية والحصول على المعلومات عادة ما يمر عبر واشنطن. وتشير المعلومات المتوافرة إلى أن برنامج «بريزم» - وهو الأهم فى جمع المعلومات الاستخباراتية، والذى استخدمته واشنطن فى غالبية عملياتها التجسسية الحديثة بجوار برامج أخرى - بدأ عمله مع شركة «مايكروسوفت» فى نوفمبر 2007، و«ياهو» فى أواخر عام 2008 و«جوجل» فى أوائل 2009 قبل أن ينضم «فيس بوك» و«بالتوك» و«يوتيوب» و«سكايب» و«إيه.أو.إل» (أمريكا أون لاين: شركة أمريكية لتقديم خدمات الإنترنت) و«أبل ماكنتوش» وجميعها من برامج التشغيل ومواقع التواصل الاجتماعى وبرامج الاتصال.....
بحسب التبريرات الأمريكية، فإن التجسس الذى قامت به المخابرات الأمريكية يهدف إلى «حماية أمن الأمريكيين»، ورغم نفى واشنطن أى أهداف اقتصادية من وراء التجسس، فإن ذلك يلفت الانتباه إلى «التجسس الاقتصادى» الذى أصبح أكثر أساليب التجسس تأثيراً وخطورة على الدول وعلى مستقبلها. لا ينكر أحد أن الولايات المتحدة يشغلها بشكل دائم السيطرة على الاقتصاد العالمى، وإزاحة منافسيها من الدول الآخذة فى النمو اقتصادياً بشكل كبير من الساحة، مثل الصين التى تعد عملاقاً فى مجال الاقتصاد. ومع ابتعاد شبح الحروب العسكرية التقليدية بدأ الدور المؤثر للاقتصاد فى قوة الدولة يتزايد، ويتوقع الخبراء أن مستقبل الدول فى السنوات المقبلة، خاصة فى المجال الاقتصادى، سيتوقف على عبقرية الجواسيس ورجال الأعمال الذين بإمكانهم إتقان جاسوسية عالم
«التجسس الاقتصادى».. الخطر الأعظم
Successively
detecting scandals U.S. spy on many world leaders and the Internet and
telephone communications through the recruitment and exploitation of
Internet companies, to represent a major blow to the U.S. relationship
with its allies and enemies alike, and that the American empire is based
on control of the world, using the technical programs , high lift
blades communications,
and penetrate e-mail, and analyze calls, to extend to economic
espionage , in an attempt to dominate the global economy, and re- crisis
debate between the dilemma of achieving security and the fight against «
terrorism » and the violation of private life of citizens , but adds a
new crisis to a record U.S. President , Barack Obama, and expose the falsehood of American democracy .
Scandal ' Big Brother ' renewed debate about the dilemma of ' security ' and ' privacy '
Protests against U.S. control
12 years after the adoption of the U.S. Congress Law « Patriot Act » to expand the work of intelligence services in the field of « anti-terrorism » and « the protection of national security » , in a move followed the Sept. 11, 2001 , raised the spy scandal U.S. billions of telephone calls and e-mails of citizens and leaders of countries around the the world, exposed by a former adviser at the National Security Agency Edward Snowden , protests mayhem at home the U.S. under the slogan « stop the Big Brother » , calling for reform of the monitoring programs, and stop « violation of private life of citizens » , at a time when it is trying Washington to contain tensions with its international allies more ... ..
U.S. documents reveal : Israel invisible partner in tapping scandal
Demonstration in front of the White House against the U.S. spy on communications
Many of the documents suggest that the American Israel is Dali daemon partner in a U.S. spy scandal to the world and its leaders, because of what might be called the technology to spy on spy devices . Despite the firm alliance between them , but that Israel seized more than once a spy on the United States. Perhaps the most notable agents of Israel who have been caught in the United States is American Jonathan Pollard (59 years old), who was working intelligence the U.S. Navy and has been in prison since 1986 until today, after the transfer of information U.S. intelligence strictly confidential to the Israeli Mossad , and released him in prison over life ... More ..
Crisis revives the role of carrier pigeons , eagles and typewriter in tapping
Hezbollah eagle displays and has a spy device
« You will not find them useful satellites , spy cameras can not keep up with them , and the most powerful eavesdropping devices will not be able to detect » .. This is not the latest communication devices , such as those that spread every day in our world, but they are just birds and returned to the simple tools used major countries in spying after he has become the latest means of espionage easy baiting . Body is responsible for protecting the contacts ' Kremlin ' and the protection of Russian President Vladimir Putin has decided to use a typewriter following the recent waves of leaks , especially Wikileaks and the documents leaked by « Edouard Snowden » former contractor with the U.S. National Security Agency ... More ..
Social networking sites .. Modern tools in the art of espionage and violation of personal privacy
Imaginative perception of a special guard protects FB
Is no longer the means of social communication just the way entertainment for long relationship between humans and the consolidation of human relations and cultural exchange , what triggered spy scandal U.S. on the world of concerns about violating privacy and secrets Supreme countries , put the social networking tools of «twitter » and « Facebook » specifically under the microscope and surveillance minute, for allegedly strongly and documents proving the involvement of the U.S. administration in employing these new electronic means in tapping secrets from private individuals and the end of presidents and leaders and senior officials , but U.S. intelligence spied on those means to ensure the achievement of its objectives ... More ..
And the National Security Agency .. « Authorized America on the world 's major
The U.S. National Security Agency
It did not occur to the minds of the majority of citizens in various parts of the world it would be an observer when being a phone call or send a fax or online, via devices on thousands of kilometers pick up and record those calls or correspondence , but it became a reality after the documents leaked by former adviser U.S. National Security agency Edward Snowden . U.S. National Security فوكالة decided to play a ' big ear ' which تتنصت on the whole world, and experts estimate spying activity of the Agency 100 million documents per year and 40 tons of documents are disposed of ... More ..
Tapping scandal .. A rift in relations ' world policeman ' allies
Bush and Merkel
In front of a large crowd of Germans in the garden « تيرجارتن » the center of Berlin , called on U.S. President Barack Obama in 2008 when he was a deputy in Congress at the time the Europeans to the need to achieve a genuine partnership between America and Europe , saying « More importantly than anything , we must trust each other » , and the reaction was EU closer to the euphoria of Obama's speech influential , to come scandal « espionage U.S. » on Europe, and leaks analyst intelligence former U.S. « Edward Snowden » to turn things upside down and put the United States in an embarrassing situation is perhaps the defining moment in its relationship with its allies Europeans. And dropped scandals American spy intercontinental fig leaf for the fact that the United States spies on the world, and still the crisis worsening day after day, sparking a storm of criticism of the White House in the biggest scandal rocked the U.S. administration in decades , which lost America the confidence of Europe , which was quick to discuss steps to confront the scandal , including recourse to the United Nations to reach a safeguards with respect to the control of communication ... More ..
U.S. arms control : ' Prism ' collects data and « X . To analyze
Activist in the form of Obama showed the U.S. president apologized to Merkel
Raised by the United States of spying on company information via the Internet and telephone communications across the world the international wave of rejection , but this is not based on newly large, complex network and wide range of programs and technologies which Washington prepared specifically for this purpose. And benefit the United States from the fact that most international communications must pass through, and for two reasons : the first is that Washington controls a very large proportion of the media and the economy world , the other is that the cheapest way to make international contacts and access to information usually passes through Washington. The information available indicates that the program « Prism » - which is the most important in intelligence gathering , which was used by Washington in the majority of its operations spyware modern next to other programs - began his career with the company « Microsoft » in November 2007 , and « Yahoo » in late 2008 and « Google » in early 2009 before joining « Facebook »and« tuk »and« YouTube »and« Skype »and« er . or . L. » ( AOL : an American company to provide Internet services) and« Apple Macintosh » and all of drivers and social networking sites and communication programs ... More ..
' Economic espionage ' .. The greatest danger
Spy scandal and penetrate the testis outraged American public opinion
According to the justifications of America, the spying done by the CIA intended to « protect the security of Americans » , although denied Washington any economic targets from behind the espionage , it draws attention to the « economic espionage » which has become more methods of espionage influential and dangerous to the state and its future. No one denies that the United States occupied permanently control the world economy , and the removal of its competitors in the growing countries economically significantly from the scene , such as China , which is a giant in the field of economy. While away the specter of conventional military wars began the influential role of the economy in the state's power is growing , and experts predict that the future of the countries in the coming years , especially in the economic field , will depend on the genius of spies and businessmen who can master the espionage world
' Economic espionage ' .. The greatest danger
' Economic espionage ' .. The greatest dangerAccording to the justifications of America, the spying done by the CIA intended to « protect the security of Americans » , although denied Washington any economic targets from behind the espionage , it draws attention to the « economic espionage » which has become more methods of espionage influential and dangerous to the state and its future. No one denies that the United States occupied permanently control the world economy , and the removal of its competitors in the growing countries economically significantly from the scene , such as China , which is a giant in the field of economy. While away the specter of war conventional military began the influential role of the economy in the state's power is growing , and experts predict that the future of the countries in the coming years , especially in the economic field , will depend on the genius of spies and businessmen who can master the espionage world economy. Focuses economic espionage for countries to know what's going on The scenes of economic work , especially among the corporate giants , including access to information about the industry , energy and trade relations , and even academic research , documentation and paperwork for development, and trends in the financial markets , as well as private investments related to governments and individuals. collect such information helps to control prices the industrial market, and determine the quantities offered and the required knowledge of trends , as well as access to information technology and new techniques in the fields of industrial and scientific different , especially those owned by the advanced industrial countries . increased the pace of espionage and collect economic information with the spread of many companies and institutions giant multinational , which became their budgets exceed hundreds of billions of dollars.Examples spy global companies on each economically, spy China Telecom giant « Huawei » to calculate Beijing , according to the CIA « CIA » , as well as spy telecommunications company British government on the group of companies « Bagakom » Belgian Telecom . According to the newspaper « Der Spiegel » German , the information leaked by Edward Snowden among 260 secret document , allowed the politicians Americans planning for successful negotiations resulted in international investments achieved successes are enormous. expanded economic espionage , and no longer the prerogative of the intelligence services only; as the big companies , research centers and centers strategic Studies and the media - have become dependent on their own resources and technicians , economists and even on ordinary workers to obtain information on companies, institutions and centers of competition, both within the same country or between different countries. are economic espionage through various means , including means of directly by governments of developed countries which seeks through espionage to maintain the progress and win transactions and investments in the face of its competitors , as well as to the Governments of the countries that seeks to achieve further progress , they resort to spying in order to catch up with the developed countries and entering the adult club . while indirect methods to the process of economic espionage appears through the activities of public , and joint projects carried out by companies or governments or institutions, civil or military , and enters the holding of seminars, conferences , exhibitions, and provide scholarships, and exchange of students and recruit some of the delegates, scholarships , and other methods.
Scandal ' Big Brother ' renewed debate about the dilemma of ' security ' and ' privacy '
Protests against U.S. control
12 years after the adoption of the U.S. Congress Law « Patriot Act » to expand the work of intelligence services in the field of « anti-terrorism » and « the protection of national security » , in a move followed the Sept. 11, 2001 , raised the spy scandal U.S. billions of telephone calls and e-mails of citizens and leaders of countries around the the world, exposed by a former adviser at the National Security Agency Edward Snowden , protests mayhem at home the U.S. under the slogan « stop the Big Brother » , calling for reform of the monitoring programs, and stop « violation of private life of citizens » , at a time when it is trying Washington to contain tensions with its international allies more ... ..
U.S. documents reveal : Israel invisible partner in tapping scandal
Demonstration in front of the White House against the U.S. spy on communications
Many of the documents suggest that the American Israel is Dali daemon partner in a U.S. spy scandal to the world and its leaders, because of what might be called the technology to spy on spy devices . Despite the firm alliance between them , but that Israel seized more than once a spy on the United States. Perhaps the most notable agents of Israel who have been caught in the United States is American Jonathan Pollard (59 years old), who was working intelligence the U.S. Navy and has been in prison since 1986 until today, after the transfer of information U.S. intelligence strictly confidential to the Israeli Mossad , and released him in prison over life ... More ..
Crisis revives the role of carrier pigeons , eagles and typewriter in tapping
Hezbollah eagle displays and has a spy device
« You will not find them useful satellites , spy cameras can not keep up with them , and the most powerful eavesdropping devices will not be able to detect » .. This is not the latest communication devices , such as those that spread every day in our world, but they are just birds and returned to the simple tools used major countries in spying after he has become the latest means of espionage easy baiting . Body is responsible for protecting the contacts ' Kremlin ' and the protection of Russian President Vladimir Putin has decided to use a typewriter following the recent waves of leaks , especially Wikileaks and the documents leaked by « Edouard Snowden » former contractor with the U.S. National Security Agency ... More ..
Social networking sites .. Modern tools in the art of espionage and violation of personal privacy
Imaginative perception of a special guard protects FB
Is no longer the means of social communication just the way entertainment for long relationship between humans and the consolidation of human relations and cultural exchange , what triggered spy scandal U.S. on the world of concerns about violating privacy and secrets Supreme countries , put the social networking tools of «twitter » and « Facebook » specifically under the microscope and surveillance minute, for allegedly strongly and documents proving the involvement of the U.S. administration in employing these new electronic means in tapping secrets from private individuals and the end of presidents and leaders and senior officials , but U.S. intelligence spied on those means to ensure the achievement of its objectives ... More ..
And the National Security Agency .. « Authorized America on the world 's major
The U.S. National Security Agency
It did not occur to the minds of the majority of citizens in various parts of the world it would be an observer when being a phone call or send a fax or online, via devices on thousands of kilometers pick up and record those calls or correspondence , but it became a reality after the documents leaked by former adviser U.S. National Security agency Edward Snowden . U.S. National Security فوكالة decided to play a ' big ear ' which تتنصت on the whole world, and experts estimate spying activity of the Agency 100 million documents per year and 40 tons of documents are disposed of ... More ..
Tapping scandal .. A rift in relations ' world policeman ' allies
Bush and Merkel
In front of a large crowd of Germans in the garden « تيرجارتن » the center of Berlin , called on U.S. President Barack Obama in 2008 when he was a deputy in Congress at the time the Europeans to the need to achieve a genuine partnership between America and Europe , saying « More importantly than anything , we must trust each other » , and the reaction was EU closer to the euphoria of Obama's speech influential , to come scandal « espionage U.S. » on Europe, and leaks analyst intelligence former U.S. « Edward Snowden » to turn things upside down and put the United States in an embarrassing situation is perhaps the defining moment in its relationship with its allies Europeans. And dropped scandals American spy intercontinental fig leaf for the fact that the United States spies on the world, and still the crisis worsening day after day, sparking a storm of criticism of the White House in the biggest scandal rocked the U.S. administration in decades , which lost America the confidence of Europe , which was quick to discuss steps to confront the scandal , including recourse to the United Nations to reach a safeguards with respect to the control of communication ... More ..
U.S. arms control : ' Prism ' collects data and « X . To analyze
Activist in the form of Obama showed the U.S. president apologized to Merkel
Raised by the United States of spying on company information via the Internet and telephone communications across the world the international wave of rejection , but this is not based on newly large, complex network and wide range of programs and technologies which Washington prepared specifically for this purpose. And benefit the United States from the fact that most international communications must pass through, and for two reasons : the first is that Washington controls a very large proportion of the media and the economy world , the other is that the cheapest way to make international contacts and access to information usually passes through Washington. The information available indicates that the program « Prism » - which is the most important in intelligence gathering , which was used by Washington in the majority of its operations spyware modern next to other programs - began his career with the company « Microsoft » in November 2007 , and « Yahoo » in late 2008 and « Google » in early 2009 before joining « Facebook »and« tuk »and« YouTube »and« Skype »and« er . or . L. » ( AOL : an American company to provide Internet services) and« Apple Macintosh » and all of drivers and social networking sites and communication programs ... More ..
' Economic espionage ' .. The greatest danger
Spy scandal and penetrate the testis outraged American public opinion
According to the justifications of America, the spying done by the CIA intended to « protect the security of Americans » , although denied Washington any economic targets from behind the espionage , it draws attention to the « economic espionage » which has become more methods of espionage influential and dangerous to the state and its future. No one denies that the United States occupied permanently control the world economy , and the removal of its competitors in the growing countries economically significantly from the scene , such as China , which is a giant in the field of economy. While away the specter of conventional military wars began the influential role of the economy in the state's power is growing , and experts predict that the future of the countries in the coming years , especially in the economic field , will depend on the genius of spies and businessmen who can master the espionage world
' Economic espionage ' .. The greatest danger
' Economic espionage ' .. The greatest dangerAccording to the justifications of America, the spying done by the CIA intended to « protect the security of Americans » , although denied Washington any economic targets from behind the espionage , it draws attention to the « economic espionage » which has become more methods of espionage influential and dangerous to the state and its future. No one denies that the United States occupied permanently control the world economy , and the removal of its competitors in the growing countries economically significantly from the scene , such as China , which is a giant in the field of economy. While away the specter of war conventional military began the influential role of the economy in the state's power is growing , and experts predict that the future of the countries in the coming years , especially in the economic field , will depend on the genius of spies and businessmen who can master the espionage world economy. Focuses economic espionage for countries to know what's going on The scenes of economic work , especially among the corporate giants , including access to information about the industry , energy and trade relations , and even academic research , documentation and paperwork for development, and trends in the financial markets , as well as private investments related to governments and individuals. collect such information helps to control prices the industrial market, and determine the quantities offered and the required knowledge of trends , as well as access to information technology and new techniques in the fields of industrial and scientific different , especially those owned by the advanced industrial countries . increased the pace of espionage and collect economic information with the spread of many companies and institutions giant multinational , which became their budgets exceed hundreds of billions of dollars.Examples spy global companies on each economically, spy China Telecom giant « Huawei » to calculate Beijing , according to the CIA « CIA » , as well as spy telecommunications company British government on the group of companies « Bagakom » Belgian Telecom . According to the newspaper « Der Spiegel » German , the information leaked by Edward Snowden among 260 secret document , allowed the politicians Americans planning for successful negotiations resulted in international investments achieved successes are enormous. expanded economic espionage , and no longer the prerogative of the intelligence services only; as the big companies , research centers and centers strategic Studies and the media - have become dependent on their own resources and technicians , economists and even on ordinary workers to obtain information on companies, institutions and centers of competition, both within the same country or between different countries. are economic espionage through various means , including means of directly by governments of developed countries which seeks through espionage to maintain the progress and win transactions and investments in the face of its competitors , as well as to the Governments of the countries that seeks to achieve further progress , they resort to spying in order to catch up with the developed countries and entering the adult club . while indirect methods to the process of economic espionage appears through the activities of public , and joint projects carried out by companies or governments or institutions, civil or military , and enters the holding of seminars, conferences , exhibitions, and provide scholarships, and exchange of students and recruit some of the delegates, scholarships , and other methods.
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